full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Ed Boyden: A light switch for neurons
Unscramble the Blue Letters
This brief video shows you one of these targets that we're wkrniog on now. This is an area in the prefrontal cortex, a roigen where we can use cognition to try to overcome aversive emotional states. The animal hears a tone. A flash of light ocrcus. There's no audio, but you see that the animal freezes — the tone used to mean bad news. There's a little coclk in the lower left-hand corner. You can see the animal is about two mnuites into this. This next clip is just eight minutes later. And the same tone is going to play, and the light is going to flash again. OK, there it goes. Right ... now. And now you can see, just 10 minutes into the experiment, that we've equipped the biarn, by photoactivating this area, to overcome the expression of this fear momrey.
Open Cloze
This brief video shows you one of these targets that we're _______ on now. This is an area in the prefrontal cortex, a ______ where we can use cognition to try to overcome aversive emotional states. The animal hears a tone. A flash of light ______. There's no audio, but you see that the animal freezes — the tone used to mean bad news. There's a little _____ in the lower left-hand corner. You can see the animal is about two _______ into this. This next clip is just eight minutes later. And the same tone is going to play, and the light is going to flash again. OK, there it goes. Right ... now. And now you can see, just 10 minutes into the experiment, that we've equipped the _____, by photoactivating this area, to overcome the expression of this fear ______.
Solution
- working
- clock
- region
- minutes
- memory
- brain
- occurs
Original Text
This brief video shows you one of these targets that we're working on now. This is an area in the prefrontal cortex, a region where we can use cognition to try to overcome aversive emotional states. The animal hears a tone. A flash of light occurs. There's no audio, but you see that the animal freezes — the tone used to mean bad news. There's a little clock in the lower left-hand corner. You can see the animal is about two minutes into this. This next clip is just eight minutes later. And the same tone is going to play, and the light is going to flash again. OK, there it goes. Right ... now. And now you can see, just 10 minutes into the experiment, that we've equipped the brain, by photoactivating this area, to overcome the expression of this fear memory.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
blue light |
5 |
basket cell |
2 |
significant fraction |
2 |
find ways |
2 |
bad news |
2 |
brain disorder |
2 |
treating brain |
2 |
brain disorders |
2 |
electrical stimulators |
2 |
convert light |
2 |
solar cells |
2 |
solar cell |
2 |
gene therapy |
2 |
entire brain |
2 |
adverse events |
2 |
photoreceptor cells |
2 |
ngrams of length 3
collocation |
frequency |
treating brain disorders |
2 |
Important Words
- animal
- area
- audio
- aversive
- bad
- brain
- clip
- clock
- cognition
- corner
- cortex
- emotional
- equipped
- experiment
- expression
- fear
- flash
- freezes
- hears
- light
- memory
- minutes
- news
- occurs
- overcome
- photoactivating
- play
- prefrontal
- region
- shows
- states
- targets
- tone
- video
- working